1.Waa maxay PCB Electroplating?
Korantada PCB waxa loola jeedaa habka lagu shubayo lakabka birta ah ee korka PCB si loo gaadho xidhiidhka korantada, gudbinta ishaarada, kulaylka kala daadsanaanta, iyo hawlo kale. Dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada DC-ga ee dhaqameed waxay la ildaran tahay arrimo ay ka mid yihiin lebbisnimada dahaarka liidata, qoto-dheeraanta dahaadhka oo aan ku filnayn, iyo saamaynta geesaha, taas oo adkaynaysa in la daboolo baahiyaha wax-soo-saarka ee PCB-yada horumarsan sida looxyada Isku-xidhka Cufnaanta Sare (HDI) iyo Wareegyada Daabacan ee Dabacsan (FPC). Sahayda korantada ee soo noqnoqota badan waxay u beddeshaa tamarta dhexe ee AC ilaa soo noqnoqoshada sare, ka dibna la saxo oo la sifeeyo si loo soo saaro DC deggan ama hadda garaaca. Soo noqnoqoshadoodu waxay gaari karaan tobanaan ama xitaa boqollaal kilohertz, taas oo aad uga badan inta jeer ee awoodda (50/60Hz) ee sahayda korantada ee caadiga ah ee DC. Sifadan soo noqnoqoshada badan waxay keentaa faa'iidooyin dhowr ah PCB-ga korantada.
2. Faa'iidooyinka Qalabka Korontada Bedelka Soo noqnoqoshada Sare ee PCB Electroplating
Labbisnimada Dahaarka oo La Wanaajiyey: "saamaynta maqaarka" ee qulqulka-soo noqnoqda sare waxay sababtaa in hadda uu xoogga saaro dusha sare ee kaari, si wax ku ool ah u wanaajinaya lebbiska dahaarka iyo yaraynta saamaynta geesaha. Tani waxay si gaar ah faa'iido u leedahay in lagu dhejiyo dhismayaal kakan sida khadadka yaryar iyo godad yaryar.
Awoodda Dajinta Qoto-dheer ee La Wanaajiyey: Xawaaraha-sare ee soo noqnoqda ayaa si fiican u dhex geli kara darbiyada daloolka, kordhinta dhumucda iyo isku-duubnida dahaadhka godadka gudaha, kaas oo buuxinaya shuruudaha dahaadhitaanka ee saamiga dhinaca sare ee fiisaha.
Kordhinta Waxtarka Korantada: Sifooyinka jawaabta degdega ah ee sahayda korantada ee isbedbeddelka-sare ee soo noqnoqda waxay awood u siinaysaa xakamaynta saxda ah ee hadda jirta, yaraynta wakhtiga daminta iyo kordhinta waxtarka wax soo saarka.
Isticmaalka Tamarta oo La Yareeyay: Sahay koronto oo isdaba-joog ah oo sarreeya ayaa leh waxtarka beddelidda sare iyo isticmaalka tamarta hooseeya, oo la jaanqaadaya isbeddelka wax-soo-saarka cagaaran.
Kartida Dajinta Wadnaha: Sahay koronto oo isdaba joog ah oo aad u sarreeya ayaa si fudud u soo saari kara hadda garaaca wadnaha, taas oo awood u siinaysa garaaca wadnaha. Duubista garaaca wadnaha waxay wanaajisaa tayada dahaarka, waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta dahaarka, waxay yaraynaysaa porosity-ga, waxayna yaraynaysaa isticmaalka waxyaabaha lagu daro.
3. Tusaalooyinka Codsiyada Korontada Beddelka Soo noqnoqoshada Sare ee PCB Electroplating
A. Copper Plating: Korantada Copper waxaa loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka PCB si ay u sameeyaan lakabka korantada ee wareegga. Dib-u-habaynta beddelka-sare ee soo noqnoqda waxay bixiyaan cufnaanta saxda ah ee hadda jirta, hubinta dhigista lakabka naxaasta ah iyo hagaajinta tayada iyo waxqabadka lakabka dhejiska ah.
B. Daawaynta Dusha: Daawaynta dusha sare ee PCB-yada, sida dahaadhka dahabka ama qalinka, waxa kale oo ay u baahan yihiin awood DC ah oo deggan. Dib-u-habeeyayaasha isbeddelka-sare ee soo noqnoqda waxay ku siin karaan hadda iyo danab sax ah oo loogu talagalay biraha dhejiska ee kala duwan, hubinta jilicsanaanta iyo iska caabbinta dahaadhka.
C. Plating kiimikaad: dahaadhida kiimikaad waxa la sameeyaa iyada oo aan la joogin, laakiin nidaamku waxa uu leeyahay shuruudo adag oo heerkulka iyo cufnaanta hadda jirta. Dib-u-habaynta beddelka-sare ee soo noqnoqda waxay ku siin kartaa awood kaalmaysa habkan, oo gacan ka geysanaya xakamaynta heerarka daminta.
4.Sida loo go'aamiyo PCB Electroplating Specifications Power Supply
Tilmaamaha sahayda korantada DC ee looga baahan yahay korantada PCB waxay ku xiran tahay dhowr arrimood, oo ay ku jiraan nooca habka korantada, cabbirka PCB-ga, aagga dahaarka, shuruudaha cufnaanta hadda, iyo waxtarka wax soo saarka. Hoos waxaa ku yaal qaar ka mid ah halbeegyada muhiimka ah iyo qeexitaannada saadka korontada ee caadiga ah:
A. Tilmaamaha Hadda
Cufnaanta Hadda: Cufnaanta hadda ee korantada PCB waxay caadi ahaan u dhaxaysaa 1-10 A/dm² (ampere per decimeter square), taas oo ku xidhan habka korantada (tusaale, dahaadhaynta naxaasta, dahaadhka dahabka, dhejinta nikkel) iyo shuruudaha dahaarka.
●Isugeynta Shuruudaha Hadda: Wadarta guud ee looga baahan yahay hadda waxaa la xisaabiyaa iyadoo lagu salaynayo aagga PCB-ga iyo cufnaanta hadda. Tusaale ahaan:
Haddii aagga dahaadhka PCB uu yahay 10 dm2 cufnaanta hadda jirtana ay tahay 2 A/dm², wadarta guud ee looga baahan yahay hadda waxay noqonaysaa 20 A.
PCB-yada waaweyn ama wax soo saarka tirada badan, dhowr boqol oo amperes ama xitaa wax soo saarka hadda jira ayaa loo baahan karaa.
Heerarka Caadiga ah ee Hadda:
● PCB-yada yaryar ama isticmaalka shaybaadhka: 10-50 A
●Waxsoosaarka PCB-ga dhexdhexaadka ah: 50-200 A
● PCB-yada waaweyn ama wax soo saarka tirada badan: 200-1000 A ama ka sareeya
B. Tilmaamaha Voltage
Korantada PCB guud ahaan waxay u baahan tahay danab hoose, sida caadiga ah inta u dhaxaysa 5-24 V.
Shuruudaha Voltage waxay ku xiran yihiin arrimo ay ka mid yihiin caabbinta qubeyska dahaadhka, masaafada u dhaxaysa electrodes, iyo conductivity ee electrolyte.
Nidaamyada khaaska ah (tusaale, dhejinta garaaca wadnaha), kala duwanaanshaha korantada sare (sida 30-50 V) ayaa laga yaabaa in loo baahdo.
Heerarka Voltage Common:
●Korantada caadiga ah ee DC: 6-12 V
●Dharka garaaca wadnaha ama hababka gaarka ah: 12-24 V ama ka sareeya
Noocyada Korontada
●Korantada DC: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa korantada dhaqameed ee DC, taasoo bixisa hadda iyo danab deggan.
●Wax-soo-saarka Quwadda garaaca: Waxaa loo isticmaalaa koronto-sameynta garaaca wadnaha, oo awood u leh soo saarista qulqulka garaaca wadnaha ee soo noqnoqda si loo hagaajiyo tayada dhejinta.
● Soo-celinta Awood-is-beddelka Sare-sare: Wax-ku-oolnimada sare iyo jawaab-celinta degdegga ah, oo ku habboon shuruudaha korantada saxda ah ee saxda ah.
C.Awoodda Korontada
Awoodda korontada (P) waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa hadda (I) iyo danab (V), oo leh qaaciddada: P = I × V.
Tusaale ahaan, koronto soo saarta 100 A at 12 V waxay yeelan doontaa awood 1200 W (1.2 kW).
Qiyaasta Awoodda Guud:
●Qalab yar: 500 W - 2 kW
●Qalab dhexdhexaad ah: 2 kW - 10 kW
●Qalabka waaweyn: 10 kW - 50 kW ama ka sareeya
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-13-2025
